Sociolinguistics
Nastaran Kiyanpour; mohammad reza oroji; Behzad Rahbar; Mehdi Bazyar
Abstract
Evaluating political speeches and analyzing their content is very important. The aim of this research is the linguistic analysis of the text of Trump's speech from the point of view of the types of process (verb) based on the experiential metafunction framework of the systematic functional grammar instruction ...
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Evaluating political speeches and analyzing their content is very important. The aim of this research is the linguistic analysis of the text of Trump's speech from the point of view of the types of process (verb) based on the experiential metafunction framework of the systematic functional grammar instruction of Halliday and Matthiessen(2004). The present is of descriptive-analytical type. In this way, the text of Trump's speech is presented in the form of six material, mental, relational, verbal,and existential processes, classification and model of the processes. The obtained results show that out of a total of 212 observation processes material process has the highest frequency with (62.7%) of the incidents, which is completely in line with the content of Trump's speech and his harsh words. It highlights Iran's efforts to develop ballistic missiles. It also refers to the sanctions and actions it will take against Iran by using the material process. , relational (13/3%), verbal (10.3%), mental (7%), existential (7.5%) and behavioral (1%).
Discourse Analysis
Nastaran Kiyanpour; mohammad reza oroji; Behzad Rahbar
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of critically analyzing the first discourse of Trump and Rouhani on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Program from the perspective of Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday, 1985). To this end, the first speech of the two presidents on the ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of critically analyzing the first discourse of Trump and Rouhani on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Program from the perspective of Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday, 1985). To this end, the first speech of the two presidents on the subject of the JCPOA were selected and transcribed for analyses. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses including frequency and Mann-Whitney statistical tests were used for data analyses. Findings revealed the hidden ideologies of the two previous presidents of the United States and Iran, which were Iranophobia and Anti-Americanism respectively. Both were found to emphasize his positive self-presentation and other’s negative presentation. Both intended to put each other into blame for the chaos in the region. Rohani highlighted the national unity, the role of the Revolutionary Guard in the assistance of the oppressed people of the region, and Iran’s role in the provision of peace and calm in the region, whereas Trump referred to Iran’s Nuclear ambitions and the Revolutionary Guard’s role in the ignition of fire of unrest and chaos in the region. Moreover, results showed that Functional Grammar could be used alone to critically analyze political discourses, and also with the help of three experiential, interpersonal and textual metafunctions, this language model can analyze the speeches of both presidents. Moreover, the ideologies behind each text could be identified and their purposes be disclosed based on the elements in each metafunction such as the use of pronouns, tenses, adverbs, processes and themes used in both texts.
Narges Rahmani; Behzad Rahbar; Mohammad Reza Oroji
Abstract
The present study explores the functions of linguistic taboos in Iranian contemporary cinema, and and the effect of gender on the film characters and screenwriters in expressing them. Twenty Iranian movies in a twenty-year period from 1998 to 2018 shaped the corpus of this sociolinguistic study. To analyze ...
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The present study explores the functions of linguistic taboos in Iranian contemporary cinema, and and the effect of gender on the film characters and screenwriters in expressing them. Twenty Iranian movies in a twenty-year period from 1998 to 2018 shaped the corpus of this sociolinguistic study. To analyze the data, a revised classification of Wardhaugh's (2006) framework was used. The fidnings showed that among Wardhaugh's classification, attention, stimulation and humiliation were observed in Iranian contemporary cinema. Moreover, four new functions, namely emphasis, psychological relief, fear, and expressions of affection, were also identified in the Iranian corpus. Results showed that the taboo words related to psychological relief were the most frequently used taboo words (49%) in the corpus. The results also revealed that male characters made the most use of taboo terms in comparison with the females. Female screenwriters, however, were the ones who employed more taboo terms in their plays than the males. The result may help to effectively undertand the informal expressions of language, and it eplxores the hidden layers in which emotion are expressed in human's conversation. The findings may have implications for playwriters, screenwrites, language designers, linguists and even language teachers
Language & Media
Ameneh Masnabadi; Behzad Rahbar; mohammad reza oroji
Abstract
Studying prison language and its common words and expressions is of significance from sociological, psychological, linguistic and criminological points of view. In the present research, we aim to investigate the morphological aspect of language of prison and analyze the most important word-creation processes ...
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Studying prison language and its common words and expressions is of significance from sociological, psychological, linguistic and criminological points of view. In the present research, we aim to investigate the morphological aspect of language of prison and analyze the most important word-creation processes in this language based on Booij’s (2007) differentiation between word-formation and word-creation processes. The data collection methods were objective observation and interviews with the prisoners. The data consisted of 615 terms common in male prisoners’ language and 496 terms common in female prisoners’ language (1111 in total), a total of 167 of which are results of word creation processes. The total number of interviewed prisoners was 70, 20 of whom were female from a prison in Rey, Iran, and 50 male prisoners from the Rajaei Shahr, Ghezel Hesar, Fashafuyeh, and Great Tehran prisons. The research findings suggested eight word creation processes in prison language: (1) metaphorical extension, (2) coinage, (3) reduplication, (4) shortening, (5) lexical borrowing, (6) clipping, (7) blending, and (8) abbreviation. After assessing the relationship between the application of these processes and the gender variable, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the two, and the gender factor affects the use of these processes among male and female prisoners.
